H. Russell Bernard received his Ph.D. from the University of Illinois and is Professor Emeritus of Anthropology at the University of Florida. He has done research in Greece, Mexico, and the United States and has taught or done research at universities in the U.S., Greece, Japan, and Germany. Bernard's areas of research include technology and social change, language death, and social network analysis. Since 1987, Bernard has participated in summer courses, sponsored by the U.S. National Science Foundation, on research methods and research design. He is former editor of Human Organization and the American Anthropologist and is the current editor of Field Methods. Bernard's books include Research Methods in Anthropology: Qualitative and Quantitative Approaches (5th edition, Altamira Press, 2011), Social Research Methods (2d edition, Sage Publications 2012), Analyzing Qualitative Data: Systematic Approaches, with Gery Ryan (Sage Publications 2009) and Native Ethnography, with Jesús Salinas Pedraza (Sage Publications 1989). Bernard was the 2003 recipient of the Franz Boas Award from the American Anthropological Association and is a member of the National Academy of Sciences.
Born: June 12, 1940, New York.
University address: Department of Anthropology
University of Florida
Gainesville, FL 32611
Home address: 5246 NW 47th Lane, Gainesville, FL
32606
Education:
B.A. Queens College, New York, 1961. Major in
Anthropology/Sociology
M.A. University of Illinois, 1963. Thesis in
Anthropological Linguistics
Ph.D. University of Illinois, February 1968.
Dissertation in Cultural Anthropology
Teaching and Administrative
Experience:
1962–63: Teaching Assistant, Department of
Anthropology, University of Illinois.
1966–72: Instructor, Assistant Professor, Associate
Professor, Department of Anthropology, Washington State University.
1969–70: Fulbright Lecturer and Research Scholar,
Athens, Greece. Adjunct Scientist, Democritos Nuclear Research Center,
Athens, Greece.
1971: Associate Director, Social Research Center,
Washington State University.
1972: (Jan.–Sept.) Research Associate, Center for
Marine Affairs, Scripps Institution of Oceanography.
1972–76: Associate Professor of Anthropology, West
Virginia University.
1975–77: Director, Aegean School of Cultural
Anthropology, Naxos, Greece.
1977–79: Professor and Chairman of Anthropology,
Department of Sociology and Anthropology, West Virginia University.
1979–90: Professor and Chairman, Department of
Anthropology, University of Florida.
1990–2007 Professor of Anthropology, University of
Florida.
2007– Professor of Anthropology, Emeritus,
University of Florida
1991: Guest Prof., National Museum of Ethnology,
Osaka, Japan (March 1–June 30)
1994–95: Visiting Prof., Von Humboldt scholar,
University of Cologne, Germany.
2005, Fall: Visiting Professor, Department of
Anthropology, University of Michigan
2006, 2007 Summer: Visiting Professor, University
of Kent , Canterbury
Professional Service:
Editor, Human
Organization , 1976–1981.
Editor-in-Chief, American
Anthropologist , 1981–1989.
Human Relations Area Files, Chairman of the Board
of Directors, 1996–2001, 2007–2009
Editor, Cultural
Anthropology Methods Journal 1989–1998
Editor, Field
Methods 1999–
Co-director and instructor, NSF Summer Institute on
Research Methods in Cultural Anthropology 1987–1995 (for faculty)
Co-director and instructor, NSF Summer Institute on
Research Design 1996–2009 (for students)
Director, NSF Short Courses in Research Methods,
2005-2012
Honors:
Honorary Member, Int'l. Union of Anthropological
and Ethnological Sciences
1999 Certificate of Recognition, Pan-African
Anthropological Association.
Recipient 2003 Franz Boas Award, American
Anthropological Association.
Recipient 2003–2004 University of Florida Graduate
Advisor/Mentoring Award.
Elected,
2010, National Academy of Sciences (Section 51-Anthropology)
Publications: Theses and Books
1963 An Otomí Dictionary with Context
Exemplification. MA thesis, University of Illinois.
1968 Kalymnos: Economic and Cultural Change on a
Greek Sponge Fishing Island. Ph.D. dissertation, University of Illinois.
1969 Los Otomies, ed. Washington State University,
Lab of Anthropology Reports of Investigations, Series #44.
1972 H. Russell Bernard and Pertti J. Pelto, eds. Technology and Social Change
. New York: Macmillan. Spanish edition, 1974. French edition, 1975.
1973 Livie Durán and H. Russell Bernard, eds. Introduction to Chicano Studies
. New York: Macmillan. Second edition, 1981.
1975 H. Russell Bernard, ed. The Human Way: Introductory
Readings in Anthropology . New York: Macmillan.
1976 H. Russell Bernard and Jesús Salinas Pedraza. Otomí Parables, Folk Tales and
Jokes . Int’l. J. of American Linguistics, Native American Text
Series. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
1978 Jesús Salinas Pedraza and H. Russell Bernard. The Otomí .
Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press.
1987 H. Russell Bernard and Pertti J. Pelto, eds. Technology and Social Change
. Second edition, revised. Prospect Heights, IL: Waveland Press.
1988 Research
Methods in Cultural Anthropology . Newbury Park, CA: Sage
Publications.
1989 H. Russell Bernard and Jesús Salinas Pedraza. Native Ethnography. A Mexican
Indian Describes His Culture . Newbury Park, CA: Sage
Publications. (Special mention, Chicago Folklore Prize, 1990).
1994 H. Russell Bernard and W. Penn Handwerker. Data analysis with MYSTAT
. New York: McGraw-Hill.
1994 Research
Methods in Anthropology: Qualitative and Quantitative Approaches
. Second edition. Newbury Park, CA: Sage Publications.
1999 Handbook
of Methods in Cultural Anthropology (ed.). Walnut Creek, CA:
Altamira Press.
2000 Social
Research Methods . Newbury Park, CA: Sage Publications.
2002 Research
Methods in Anthropology: Qualitative and Quantitative Approaches
. Third edition. Walnut Creek, CA: Altamira Press.
2006 Research
Methods in Anthropology: Qualitative and Quantitative Approaches .
Fourth edition. Walnut Creek , CA : Altamira Press.
2010 H. Russell Bernard and Gery W. Ryan. Analyzing Qualitative Data:
Systematic Approaches. Newbury Park, CA: Sage Publications.
2011 Research
Methods in Anthropology: Qualitative and Quantitative Approaches .
Fifth edition. Lanham, MD: Altamira Press.
2012 Social Research Methods: Qualitative and Quantitative Approaches. Second edition. Newbury Park, CA: Sage Publications.
Publications: Articles and Chapters:
1965 Greek Sponge Boats in Florida. Anthropological Quarterly
38:41–54. Reprinted in Man
and the Sea: Human Factors in Marine Environment , ed. by Raoul
Anderson and G. Stiles. New York: Simon and Schuster, 1971.
1966 Otomí Tones: A Reevaluation. Anthropological Linguistics
8 (December):15–19.
1967 Kalymnian Sponge Diving. Human Biology 39:103–30.
Reprinted in Greek, Spoudai
, 1970, Athens.
1969 Paratsoukli: Institutionalized Nicknaming in
Rural Greece. Ethnologia
Europeae 2–3:65–74.
1970 More on Nasalized Vowels and Morphophonemics
in Mezquital Otomí. Intl.
J. Amer. Linginguistics 36:60–63.
1972 Kalymnos, Island of the Sponge Fishermen. In: Technology and Social Change
, ed. by H. Russell Bernard and P. Pelto. New York: Macmillan.
1973 Otomí Phonology and Orthography. Intl. J. Amer. Linginguistics
39:180–84.
1973 H. Russell Bernard and P. D. Killworth. On the
Social Structure of an Ocean-Going Research Vessel and Other Important
Things. Social Science
Research 2:145–184.
1974 Peter D. Killworth and H. Russell Bernard.
Catij: A New Sociometric and Its Application to a Prison Living Unit. Human Organization
33:335–50.
1974 Scientists and Policymakers: A Case Study in
the Ethnography of Communications. Human
Organization 33:261–75.
1974 Otomí Tones in Discourse. Intl. J. Amer. Linginguistics
40:141–50.
1974 H. Russell Bernard and P. D. Killworth.
Scientists and Crew: A Case Study in Communication at Sea. Maritime Studies and Management
2:112–25.
1975 H. Russell Bernard and P.D. Killworth. The
Catij Technique: Some Descriptive Tests of Its Adequacy. Catalog of Selected Documents in
Psychology 5(Winter):181.
1975 Otomí Obscene Humor. J. of American Folklore
88:350, 383–92.
1976 Kalymnos: The Island of the Sponge Fishermen.
In: Regional Variation
in Modern Greece and Cyprus: Toward a Perspective on the Ethnography of
Greece , ed. by Muriel Dimen and Ernestine Friedl. Annals of
the New York Academy of Sciences, vol. 267, 291–307. New York: Academy of
Sciences. Also Introductory Remarks on the Ethnography of the Islands,
289–90.
1976 P. D. Killworth and H. Russell Bernard.
Informant Accuracy in Social Network Data. Human Organization 35:269–96.
1976 Peter D. Killworth and H. Russell Bernard. A
Model of Human Group Dynamics. Social
Science Research 5:173–224.
1976 Sponge Markets of Kalymnos. Anthropologica
18:81–96.
1976 William Stokoe, C. Padden, and H. R. Bernard.
An Elite Group in Deaf Society. Sign
Language Studies. 12:189–210. Reprinted in Sign and Culture ,
ed. by Wm. Stokoe. Silver Springs, MD: Linstock Press, 1980.
1976 Sandy Ashton-Vouyoucalos and H. Russell
Bernard. Return Migration to Greece. J.
of the Steward Anthropological Society 8:31–51.
1977 H. Russell Bernard and P. D. Killworth.
Informant Accuracy in Social Network Data II. Human Communications Research 4:3–18.
1977 H. Russell Bernard and P. D. Killworth.
Scientists as Others See Them.Ocean
Development and International Law Journal 4:261–68.
1978 H. Russell Bernard and Lambros Comitas. Greek
Return Migration. Current
Anthropology 19:658–59.
1978 Peter D. Killworth and H. Russell Bernard.
Deterministic Models of Social Networks. In: Social Networks. Surveys, Advances and Commentaries
, ed. by Sam Lienhardt, 165–186. New York: Academic Press.
1978 Peter D. Killworth and H. Russell Bernard. The
Reverse Small World Experiment Social
Networks 1:159–92.
1979 Peter D. Killworth and H. Russell Bernard.
Informant Accuracy in Social Network Data III. Social Networks 2:19–46.
1979 H. Russell Bernard, P.D. Killworth, and L.
Sailer. Informant Accuracy in Social Network Data IV. Social Networks
2:191–218.
1979 Peter D. Killworth and H. Russell Bernard. A
Pseudomodel of the Small World Problem. Social
Forces 58(2):477–505.
1979 H. Russell Bernard and P. D. Killworth. Review
of the Small World Literature. Sociological
Symposium No. 28, Fall.
1979 H. Russell Bernard and P. D. Killworth. Why
Are There No Social Physics? J.
of the Steward Anthropological Society 11(1):33–58.
1981 H. Russell Bernard, P. D. Killworth, and L.
Sailer. Informant Accuracy in Social Network Data. Proceedings of the
Conference on Models of Diffusion within Social Structures, ed. by W.
Sodeur. Dulsberg: Sozialwissenschaftliche kooperativ.
1980 Orthography for Whom? Intl J. of Amer. Linguistics
46(2):133–36.
1980 CARS: Computer Assisted Referee Selection. J. Research Communication
Studies 2: 149–57.
1981 Peter D. Killworth and H. Russell Bernard. A
U.S. Mental Map of the World Social
Networks 3:307–12.
1981 Peter D. Killworth and H. Russell Bernard.
Response to Burt and Bittner. Social
Networks 3(1):89–92.
1982 H. Russell Bernard, P. D. Killworth, and L.
Sailer. Informant Accuracy in Social Network Data V. Social Science Research
5:30–66.
1982 H. Russell Bernard, P. D. Killworth, and C.
McCarty. INDEX: An Informant Defined Experiment in Social Structure. Social Forces
61:99–133.
1983 H. Russell Bernard and M. J. Evans. New
Microcomputer Techniques for Anthropologists. Human Organization 42:182–85.
1984 Peter D. Killworth, H. R. Bernard, and C.
McCarty. Measuring Patterns of Acquaintanceship. Current Anthropology
25:381–97.
1984 H. Russell Bernard, P. D. Killworth, L.
Sailer, and D. Kronenfeld. The Problem of Informant Accuracy: The Validity
of Retrospective Data. Annual
Review of Anthropology 13:495–17.
1985 The Power of Print: The Role of Literacy in
Preserving Native Cultures. Human
Organization 44:88–92.
1985 Roger Trent and H. Russell Bernard. Local
Support for an Innovative Transit System. J. of Advanced Transportation Research
19:237–39.
1986 H. Russell Bernard, P. Pelto, D. Romney, C.
Ember, A. Johnson, O. Werner, J. Boster, et al. The Construction of Primary
Data in Cultural Anthropology. Current
Anthropology 27:382–96.
1986 Scott Robinson and H. Russell Bernard. It
Shook (Again) The Mexico City Earthquake of 1985. Studies in Third World Societies
, no. 36.
1987H. Russell Bernard and Pertti J. Pelto. Technology and
Social Change. In: Technology
and Social Change, 2nd ed., 1–10. Prospect Heights, IL:
Waveland Press.
1987 Michael J. Evans and H. Russell Bernard. Word
Processing, Office Drudgery, and the Microcomputer Revolution. In: Technology and Social Change
, 2nd ed., 329–58. Prospect Heights, IL: Waveland Press.
1987 H. Russell Bernard and Pertti J. Pelto.
Technology and Anthropological Theory. In: Technology and Social Change , 2nd ed.,
359–76. Prospect Heights, IL: Waveland Press.
1987 H. Russell Bernard, G. A. Shelley and P.D.
Killworth. How much of a network does the GSS and RSW dredge up? Social
Networks. 9: 49-61.
1988 H. Russell Bernard, Peter D. Killworth,
Michael J. Evans, Christopher McCarty, and Gene A. Shelley. Studying Social Relations Cross Culturally. Ethnology 27:155–79.
1988 H. Russell
Bernard. Literatura Indígena y Computación: Microcomputación y Preservación
de las Culturas. America
Indígena Anuario
48:71–88. (Mexico City: Instituto Indigenista Interamericano)
1989 H. Russell Bernard, E. Johnsen, P. Killworth,
and S. Robinson. Estimating the Size of an Average Personal Network and of
an Event Population. In: The
Small World , ed. by M. Kochen, 159–75. Norwood, NJ: Ablex
Publishing.
1990 H. Russell Bernard, Peter D. Killworth,
Christopher McCarty, Gene A. Shelley, and Scott Robinson. Comparing Four
Different Methods for Measuring Personal Social Networks. Social Networks ,
12:179–215.
1990 Peter D. Killworth, Eugene C. Johnsen, H.
Russell Bernard, Gene A. Shelley, and Christopher McCarty. Estimating the
Size of Personal Networks. Social
Networks 23:289–312.
1990 Gene Anne Shelley, H. R. Bernard, and P.D.
Killworth. Information Flow in Social Networks. J. of Quantitative Anthropology
2:201–25.
1991 H. Russell Bernard, P. D. Killworth, E. C.
Johnsen, and S. Robinson. Estimating the Size of an Average Personal
Network and of an Event Subpopulation: Some Empirical Results. Social Science Research
20:109–21.
1992 Preserving Language Diversity. Human Organization
51:82–89. [note: this article was peer reviewed but was published in the
Commentary section of the journal]
1993 H. Russell Bernard and Peter D. Killworth.
Sampling in Time Allocation Research. Ethnology
32:207–15.
1993 Methods Belong to All of Us. In: Assessing Cultural Anthropology
, R. Borofsky, ed. New York: McGraw Hill, 168–78.
1995 H. Russell Bernard, George Mbeh, and W. Penn
Handwerker. The Tone Problem. In: The
Complete Linguist , A. Traill, R. Vossen, and M. Biesele, eds.,
27–44. Cologne: Rudiger Koppe Verlag.
1995 Johnsen, E. C., H. R. Bernard, P. D.
Killworth, G. A. Shelley, and C. McCarty. A Social Network Approach to
Corroborating the Number of AIDS/HIV+ Victims in the U.S. Social Networks
17:167–87.
1995 Shelley, G.A., H. R. Bernard, P. D. Killworth,
E. C. Johnsen, and C. McCarty. Who Knows Your HIV Status? What HIV+
Patients and Their Network Members Know About Each Other. Social Networks ,
17, 189-217.
1996 Language Preservation and Publishing. In: Indigenous Literacies in the
Americas , N. Hornberger, ed., 139–56. Berlin: Mouton de
Gruyter. Also, translation of and notes to articles in this same volume by
Jesús Salinas and Josefa González.
1996 Homero
Martínez, L. M. Menenses, H. R. Bernard, and P. J. Pelto. Selection of
Culturally Sound Home Fluid Management of Infantile Diarrhoea in Rural
Mexico. Food and
Nutrition Bulletin 17(2):120–28.
1997 H. Russell Bernard and Peter D. Killworth. In
Search of Social Physics. Keynote address to the XVIIth Annual
International Sunbelt Social Network Conference. San Diego, CA Connections .
Published in print and on the Internet at:
http://www.analytictech.com/connections/v20(1)/keynote.htm.
1997 Christopher McCarty, H. R. Bernard, P. D.
Killworth, E. Johnsen, and G. A. Shelley. Eliciting Representative Samples
of Personal Networks. Social
Networks 19:303–23.
1998 Killworth, P.D., E.C. Johnsen, C. McCarty,
G.A. Shelley, and H.R. Bernard. A Social Network Approach to Estimating
Seroprevalence in the United States. Social
Networks 20:23-50.
1998 P. D. Killworth, C. McCarty, H. R. Bernard, G.
A. Shelley, and E. C. Johnsen. Estimation of Seroprevalence, Rape and
Homelessness in the U.S. Using a Social Network Approach. Evaluation Review
22:289–308.
1999 H. Russell Bernard and Gery W. Ryan. Text
Analysis. In: Handbook
of Methods in Cultural Anthropology , H. R. Bernard, ed.,
595–646. Walnut Creek, CA: Altamira Press.
1999 H. Russell Bernard. Introduction: On Method
and Methods in Anthropology. In: Handbook
of Methods in Cultural Anthropology , H. R. Bernard, ed., 9–36.
Walnut Creek, CA: Altamira Press.
1999 H. Russell Bernard. Languages in Contact:
Implications for Literacy. In: Literacy:
An International Handbook . D. Wagner, R. L. Venezky,
and B. Street, eds., 22–28. Boulder, CO: Westview Press.
2000 Gery W. Ryan and H. Russell Bernard. Data
Management and Analysis Methods. In: Handbook of Qualitative Methods, 2nd
ed., edited by Norman K. Denzin and Yvonna S. Lincoln. Pp. 769–802.
Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications.
2001 C. McCarty, P. D. Killworth, H. R. Bernard, E.
Johnsen, and G. A. Shelley. Comparing Two Methods for Estimating
Network Size. Human
Organization 60:38–39.
2001 H. R. Bernard, P. D. Killworth, E. C. Johnsen,
G. A. Shelley, and C. McCarty. Estimating the Ripple Effect of a Disaster. Connections 24:18–22.
2002 H. R. Bernard, G. N. Mbeh, and W. P.
Handwerker, Language Survival, Popular Literacy, and Tone Marking. Human Organization
61:339–49.
2003 P. D. Killworth, C. McCarty, H. R. Bernard, E.
C. Johnsen, J. Domini, and G. A. Shelley. Two Interpretations of Reports of
Knowledge of Subpopulation Sizes. Social
Networks 25:141–60.
2003 Gery Ryan, and H. R. Bernard. Techniques to
Identify Themes. Field
Methods 15:85–109.
2003 Clarence C. Gravlee, H. Russell Bernard, and
William R. Leonard. Heredity, Environment, and Cranial Form: A Re-Analysis
of Boas’s Immigrant Data. American
Anthropologist 105(1):125–38.
2003 Clarence C. Gravlee, H. Russell Bernard, and
William R. Leonard. Boas’s Changes in Bodily Form: The Immigrant
Study, Cranial Plasticity, and Boas’s Physical Anthropology. American Anthropologist
105(2):326–32.
2005 Clarence Gravlee, William Dressler, and H.
Russell Bernard. Skin color, social classification, and blood pressure in
southeastern Puerto Rico . American
Journal of Public Health 95:2191-2197.
2006 Peter d. Killworth, Christopher McCarty, H.
Russell Bernard, and Mark House. The accuracy of small-world chains in
social networks. Social
Networks 28:85–96.
2006 C. Kadushin, P. D. Killworth, H. Russell
Bernard, and A. Beveridge. Scale-up methods as applied to estimates of
heroin use. Journal of
Drug Issues 36:417–440.
2006 Shelley, G. A., P. D. Killworth, H. R.
Bernard, C. McCarty, E. C. Johnsen, and R. E. Rice. Who knows your HIV
status II: Information propagation within social networks of seropositive
people. Human
Organization 65:430–444.
2006 Gery W. Ryan and H. Russell Bernard. Testing
an ethnographic decision tree model on a national sample: Recycling
beverage cans. Human
Organization 65:103–115.
2006 Killworth, P. D., C. McCarty, E. C. Johnsen,
H. R. Bernard, and G. A. Shelley. Investigating the variation of personal
network size under unknown error conditions. Sociological Methods and Research 35:84–112.
2010 H. Russell Bernard, G. W. Ryan and S. Borgatti. Green cognition and behavior: A cultural domain analysis. In: C. Greiner and W. Kokot, eds, Networks, Resources and Economic Action, 189–215. Berlin: Dietrich Reimer Verlag.
2010 H Russell Bernard, Tim Hallett, Alexandrina Iovita, Eugene C. Johnsen, Rob Lyerla, Christopher McCarty, et al. Counting hard-to-count populations: The network
scale-up method for public health. Sexually Transmitted Infections 86(Suppl 2):ii11eii15.
2012 J. K. Edmonds, D. Hruschka, H. Russell Bernard, and L. Sibley. Women’s social networks and birth attendant decisions: Application of the
Network-Episode Model. Social Science and Medicine 74:452–459.
2012 Paul Nchoji Nkwi and H. Russell Bernard. Culture, behavior and AIDS in Africa. In: African Responses to HIV/AIDS. Ed. by Segun Ige and Timothy Quinlan. Scottsville, South Africa: University of KwaZulu Natal Press.
2013 C. C. Gravlee, Bernard, H. R., Maxwell, C. R., & Jacobsohn, A. Mode effects in free-list elicitation: Comparing oral, written, and web-based data collection. Social Science Computer Review 30:119–132.
